Basic Parameters of Automotive Lubricants
Release date:
2022-06-02
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Abstract
Let’s start by learning how to drive in a way that saves fuel and protects the environment. By paying attention to simple details, you can reduce fuel consumption—for example, keeping your tires properly inflated, avoiding open windows when driving on the highway, and not storing unnecessary items in the trunk. According to data, if 500,000 vehicles each traveled 100 kilometers per day, with an average fuel consumption of 10 liters per 100 kilometers, then saving just one liter of fuel per vehicle daily would cut carbon dioxide emissions by 1,180 tons across all 500,000 cars—a figure that is truly alarming.
As everyone knows, engine oil serves as the lubricant that keeps an engine running. Some people aptly compare it to the blood of a car. In terms of type, there are three main categories: mineral‑based oil, semi‑synthetic oil, and fully synthetic oil. In theory, fully synthetic oil offers superior performance and longer-lasting protection.
Now let’s discuss the oil‑grade designation. For example, we often see designations like 0W‑20, 0W‑30, or 5W‑30. The “W” stands for “Winter,” indicating the winter season. The number preceding the “W” reflects the oil’s low‑temperature fluidity: the lower the number, the lower the ambient temperature at which the oil can be used. Meanwhile, the number following the “W” denotes the oil’s viscosity grade; a higher number indicates greater high‑temperature viscosity and better sealing performance, while a lower number means lower viscosity and improved fuel efficiency.
Stages of Lubricant Development
Vegetable oil—1700 BCE: Vegetable oil (olive oil) was used to lubricate the movement of heavy objects.
Animal oil—In 1859, the world’s first oil well in Pennsylvania ushered in the petroleum era.
Mineral oil—1920s: The era of mineral oil, in which mineral oil was refined from petroleum and primarily used in automobiles.
Semi-synthetic oil—1920s: the era of mineral oil, in which mineral oil was refined from petroleum and primarily used in automobiles.
Fully Synthetic Oil—Beginning in the 21st Century: The era of fully synthetic oils has arrived, with synthetic lubricants becoming widespread, offering high performance, fuel efficiency, and environmental friendliness.
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No. 97-2, Quanyun Road, Hunnan District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province